Jannai was born before 100 in Jerusalem. She died before 100 in Unknown. Parents: Joseph.

Spouse: Achim. Achim and Jannai were married Unknown in Unknown. Children were: Eluid.

Jared was born 3544 B.C. in Unknown. He died 2582 B.C. in Unknown. Parents: Mahalalel (Malaleel Mahalaleel Mlahel).

Jean was born on Jul 21, 1219. She died in 1232. Parents: King Louis VIII of France and Blanca of Castile.

Jean was born in 1248 in Unknown. He died in 1248 in Unknown. Parents: King Louis IX of France and Marguerite DE PROVENCE.

Jean was born in 1288 in Unknown. He died on Mar 11, 1356 in Unknown. Parents: Count John II of Hainaut and Holland and Philippine of Luxemburg.

Spouse: Countess Marguerite DE SOISSONS. Jean and Countess Marguerite DE SOISSONS were married Unknown in Unknown.

Jean was born in 1333 in Unknown. He died in 1333 in Unknown. Parents: King Philip VI of France (Philip VI of Valois) and Joan of Burgundy.

Jean was born in 1359 in Unknown. He died in 1364 in Unknown. Parents: King Charles V of France and Jeanne DE BOURBON.

Jean was born in 1366 in Unknown. He died in 1366 in Unknown. Parents: King Charles V of France and Jeanne DE BOURBON.

Jean Tristan was born in 1250. He died on Aug 3, 1270. Parents: King Louis IX of France and Marguerite DE PROVENCE.

Jeanne was born Unknown in Unknown. She died Unknown in Unknown. Individual Note:. nun at Fontenelles Parents: Count John II of Hainaut and Holland and Philippine of Luxemburg.

Jeanne was born in 1289 in Unknown. She died after 1347 in Unknown. Parents: Lord Philip of Conches, Nonancourt, and Domfront (Philip of Artois) and Blanche DE DREUX.

Spouse: Senlis (Count of Foix) GASTON I. Senlis (Count of Foix) GASTON I and Jeanne were married in 1301 in Unknown.

Jeanne was born in 1312 in Unknown. She died in 1402 in Unknown. Parents: Duke Louis I of Bourbon and Mary of Avesnes.

Spouse: Count Guigues VII of Forez. Count Guigues VII of Forez and Jeanne were married in 1324 in Unknown.

Jeanne was born in 1315 in Unknown. She died in 1321 in Unknown. Parents: King Charles IV of France and Navarre and Jeanne D' EVREUX.

Jeanne was born in 1323 in Unknown. She died Unknown in died young. Parents: Count Robert III of Artois (Robert III of Artois) and Jeanne DE VALOIS.

Jeanne was born in 1326 in Unknown. She died in 1327 in Unknown. Parents: King Charles IV of France and Navarre and Jeanne D' EVREUX.

Jeanne was born in 1337 in Unknown. She died in 1337 in Unknown. Parents: King Philip VI of France (Philip VI of Valois) and Joan of Burgundy.

Jeanne was born on Jun 24, 1343 in Unknown. She died on Nov 3, 1373 in Unknown. Parents: King John II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg.

Spouse: King Charles II of Navarre. King Charles II of Navarre and Jeanne were married Unknown in Unknown.

Jeanne was born in 1351 in Unknown. She died in 1371 in Unknown. Parents: King Philip VI of France (Philip VI of Valois) and Blanche D'EVREUX.

Jeanne was born in 1353 in Unknown. She died in 1420 in Unknown. Parents: Count John of Eu sans Terre (John of Artois) and Isabeau of Melun.

Spouse: Simon (Count of Dreux) DE THOUARS. Simon (Count of Dreux) DE THOUARS and Jeanne were married on Jul 12, 1365 in Château d'Eu.

Jeanne was born in 1357 in Unknown. She died in 1360 in Unknown. Parents: King Charles V of France and Jeanne DE BOURBON.

Jeanne was born on Jun 14, 1388 in Unknown. She died in 1390 in Unknown. Parents: King Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria.

Jeanne was born on Jan 24, 1391 in Unknown. She died on Sep 27, 1433 in Unknown. Parents: King Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria.

Spouse: Duke John VI of Brittany. Duke John VI of Brittany and Jeanne were married Unknown in Unknown.

Jeanne was born in 1409 in Blois. She died in 1432 in Angers. Parents: Duke Charles of Orleans (Charles of Valois) and Isabella of Valois.

Spouse: John II of Alençon. John II of Alençon and Jeanne were married in 1424 in Blois.

Jeanne was born in 1462 in Unknown. She died in 1520 in Unknown. Parents: Count John of Angouleme and Marguerite of Rohan.

Spouse: Charles Francois DE COETIVY. Charles Francois DE COETIVY and Jeanne were married Unknown in Unknown.

Jeanne was born on Jun 24, 1556 in Unknown. She died on Jun 24, 1556 in Unknown. Parents: King Henry II of France and Catherine DE MEDICI.

Jeanne II was born Unknown in Unknown. She died Unknown in Unknown.

Spouse: King Philippe V of France & Navarre. King Philippe V of France & Navarre and Jeanne II were married in 1307 in Unknown. Children were: Jeanne of France, Marguerite, Isabelle, Philip or Louis.

Jeanne of Bar was born Unknown in Unknown. She died Unknown in Unknown. Parents: Count Henry III of Bar and Eleanor.

Spouse: John (8th Earl of Surrey) DE WARENNE. John (8th Earl of Surrey) DE WARENNE and Jeanne of Bar were married on May 25, 1306 in Unknown.

Jeanne of Chatillon was born Unknown in Unknown. She died Unknown in Unknown.

Spouse: Count James I of La Marche. Count James I of La Marche and Jeanne of Chatillon were married in 1335 in Unknown. Children were: Isabelle, Count Peter II of La Marche, Count John I of La Marche, Baron James I of Argies.

Jeanne of France was born in 1308 in Unknown. She died in 1349 in Unknown. Parents: King Philippe V of France & Navarre and Jeanne II.

Spouse: Eudes IV of Burgundy. Eudes IV of Burgundy and Jeanne of France were married Unknown in Unknown.

Jeanne of Montfort died in 1300 in Unknown. She was born Unknown in Unknown. Parents: Lord Philip of Castres (Philip of Montfort) and Jeanne DE LEVIS-MIREPOIX.

Spouse: Guy VI of Forez. Guy VI of Forez and Jeanne of Montfort were married in 1268 in Unknown.

Spouse: Louis I of Savoy (Baron de Vaud). Louis I of Savoy (Baron de Vaud) and Jeanne of Montfort were married in 1278 in Unknown.

Jeanne of Saveuse died in 1449 in Unknown. She was born Unknown in Unknown.

Spouse: Count Charles of Eu (Charles of Artois). Count Charles of Eu (Charles of Artois) and Jeanne of Saveuse were married on Sep 23, 1454 in Unknown.

Jeanne of Valois was born in 1294 in Longpont, Aisne, France. She died on Mar 7, 1342 in Fontenelle, Yonne, France. Jeanne of Valois (c. 1294 Longpont, Aisne, France - 7 March 1342, Fontenelle, Yonne, France) She was the daughter of Prince Charles of Valois and Marguerite of Anjou and Maine (1274-1299) and the sister of king Philip VI of France.

She married William III, Count of Holland and Hainaut in 1305 and had the following children:

William IV of Hainaut (1307-1345)
John (died 1316)
Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut (1311-1356), married Louis IV Wittelsbach, Holy Roman Emperor
Philippa of Hainault (1311-1369), married king Edward III of England
Agnes (died 1327)
Joanna of Hainaut (1315-1374), married William V, Duke of Jülich
Isabelle of Hainaut (1323-1361), married Robert of Namur
Louis (1325-1328)

Parents: Count Charles III of Valois and Marguerite of Anjou and Maine.

Spouse: Count William III of Holland and Hainaut. Count William III of Holland and Hainaut and Jeanne of Valois were married in 1305 in Unknown.

Jedidah was born before 100 in Unknown. She died before 100 in Unknown. Parents: Adaiah.

Spouse: King Amon of Judah. King Amon of Judah and Jedidah were married Unknown in Unknown. Children were: King Josiah of Judah.

Jerusha (Daughter Of Zadok) was born before 100 in Unknown. She died before 100 in Unknown.

Spouse: King Azariah of Judah. King Azariah of Judah and Jerusha (Daughter Of Zadok) were married Unknown in Unknown. Children were: King Joatham of Judah.

Joachim was born before 100 in Unknown. He died before 100 in Unknown. Parents: Joshuah.

Children were: High Priest Eliashib.

Joan was born Unknown in Unknown. She died Unknown in Unknown. Parents: King John of England (John of England) and Isabella of Angouleme.

Joan was born in Jan 1265 in Unknown. She died before Sep 7, 1265 in Unknown. She was buried in Westminster Abbey. Parents: King Edward I of England (Longshanks) and Eleanor of Castile.

Joan II of Navarre was born on Jan 28, 1312. She died on Oct 6, 1349. Parents: King Louis X of France & King of Navarre and Marguerite (Margaret of Burgundy) DE BOURGOGNE.

Children were: Blanche D'EVREUX.

Joan of Acre was born in May 1271 in Akko, Hazofan, Palestine. She died on Apr 7, 1307 in Unknown. Parents: King Edward I of England (Longshanks) and Eleanor of Castile.

Spouse: Gilbert (7th Earl of Hertford & Earl of Glou) DE CLARE. Gilbert (7th Earl of Hertford & Earl of Glou) DE CLARE and Joan of Acre were married in 1290 in Westminster Abbey. Children were: Gilbert (8th Earl of Hertford) DE CLARE, Eleanor DE CLARE.

Spouse: Ralph (1st Baron Monthermer) MORTHERMER. Ralph (1st Baron Monthermer) MORTHERMER and Joan of Acre were married Unknown in Unknown.

Joan of Burgundy died in 1348 in Unknown. She was born Unknown in Unknown. Individual Note:. known as Joan the Lame Parents: Duke Robert II of Normandy and Agnes of France.

Spouse: King Philip VI of France (Philip VI of Valois). King Philip VI of France (Philip VI of Valois) and Joan of Burgundy were married in 1313 in Unknown. Children were: King John II of France, Marie, Louis, Louis, Jean, Duke Philippe of Orleans, Jeanne.

Joan of England was born Unknown in Unknown. She died Unknown in Unknown. Parents: King John of England (John of England) and Clemence.

Spouse: Llywelyn (The Great). Llywelyn (The Great) and Joan of England were married in 1205 in Unknown.

Joan of Lancaster was born about 1312 in Unknown. She died in 1345 in Unknown. Parents: Henry (3rd Earl of Lancaster) PLANTAGENET and Maud CHAWORTH.

Joan of York was born in 1438 in Unknown. She died Unknown in Unknown. Parents: Richard (3rd Duke of York) PLANTAGENET and Duchess Cecily Neville of York.

Joanna was born before 100 in Unknown. He died before 100 in Unknown. Parents: Resa.

Children were: Judah.

Joanna of Navarre was born in 1370 in Unknown. She died in 1437 in Unknown. Individual Note:. No children with Henry Individual Note:. during the reign of Henry V, she was accused of using witchcraft to try to poison him and imprisoned for about four years in Pevensey Castle in Sussex, England. She was buried in Canterbury Cathedral.

Spouse: King Henry IV of England. King Henry IV of England and Joanna of Navarre were married in 1403 in Unknown.

Spouse: Duke John V of Brittany.

Johann was born on Dec 5, 1825 in Unknown. He died on May 27, 1911 in Unknown. Parents: Duke Friedrich Wilhelm of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburgh and Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse.

Johann Friedrich Struensee was born on Aug 5, 1737 in Halle. He died on Apr 28, 1772 in Unknown. Johann Friedrich, Count von Struensee, (August 5, 1737-April 28, 1772) was a German doctor, born in Halle. He became royal physician to the schizophrenic King Christian VII of Denmark and a minister in the Danish government. He rose in power to a position of 'de facto' regent of the country, where he tried to carry out widespread reforms. His affair with Queen Caroline Matilda ("Caroline Mathilde") caused scandal, especially after the birth of a daughter, Princess Louise Augusta, and was the catalyst for the intrigues and power play that caused his downfall and dramatic death.

Upbringing and early career
Struensee was the third child of six born to pietist theologian and priest Adam Struensee and Maria Dorothea. He grew up in a solid and respectable middle-class home, but not particularly overly strict or religiously intolerant. The children received a good upbringing, and three of the sons went to the University. None of them became theologians like their father. Two of the daughters married priests.

Johann Fiedrich entered the University of Halle on August 5, 1752 at the age of fifteen where he studied medicine, and graduated on December 12, 1757. The university exposed him to Age of Enlightenment ideals, and social and political critique and reform. He was influenced by these, and supported these new ideas, becoming a propagandist for atheism, the writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and the Encyclopédie.

Adam and Maria Dorothea Struensee moved to Altona in 1758, where the elder Struensee became head priest at Marienkirche (Mary's Church). Johann Friedrich moved with them, along with two other of his siblings still under family support. He was soon employed as a public doctor in Altona, in the estate of Count Rantzau, and in the Pinneberg District. His wages were meager, and he expected to supplement them with private practice.

His parents moved to Rendsburg in 1760 where Adam Struensee became first superintendent (bishop) for the duchy, and subsequently superintendent-general of Schleswig-Holstein. The young Struensee, now 23 years old, had to set up his own household for the first time. His lifestyle expectations were not matched by his economics. His superior intelligence and elegant manners, however, soon made him fashionable in the better circles, and he entertained and scandalized his contemporaries by his controversial opinions and his frank licentiousness.

He was ambitious, and petitioned the Danish government in the person of Denmark's Minister of Foreign Affairs Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count von Bernstorff for funds. He tried his hand at writing Enlightenment treatises. He saw himself as having a higher calling than a simple doctor.

Ministering to King Christian VII
During these almost ten years in Altona he came into contact with a circle of aristocrats that had been rejected from the court in Copenhagen. Among these friends were Enevold Brandt and Count Schack Carl Rantzau, leader of a circle of followers of the Enlightenment who treated Struensee as his protogé. They managed to maneuver Struensee into a position as King Christian VII?s travelling physician, also with the hope that he could give them access to the royal court again.

June-July 1767 the king had spent the summer in Schleswig-Holstein, along with his court and chancellery. Struensee was a clever doctor, and having somewhat restored the king's health while visiting the area, gained the king's affection. He was retained as travelling physician on April 5, 1768, and accompanied the entourage on the King?s foreign tour to Paris and London via Hannover from May 6, 1768-January 12, 1769. He was given the title of State Councilor (??etatsråd??) on May 12, 1768, barely a week after leaving Altona.

During the nine month trip he became tight with the king. The king's ministers Bernstorff and Finance Minister H.C. Schimmerlmann saw Struensee as having a positive influence on the king, and stood behind his being named the king's personal physician January 1769 after their return to Copenhagen.

Rise to power
Struensee soon wielded great influence on the mentally unstable young king, and soon he practically ruled Denmark. It had always been Struensee's ambition to play a great part in the world and realize his dream of reform. He had gathered from various Danish friends, most of them involuntary exiles of doubtful character, that the crazy, old-fashioned Dano-Norwegian state, misruled by an idiot, was the fittest subject in the world for the experiments of a man of superior ingenuity like himself; and he proceeded to worm his way to power with considerable astuteness.

First he reconciled the king and queen, for he calculated, shrewdly enough, that if the king was to be his tool he must make the queen his friend. At first Caroline Matilda disliked Struensee, but the unfortunate girl (she was scarce eighteen) could not fail to be deeply impressed by the highly gifted young doctor, who speedily and completely won her heart. By January 1770 he was notoriously her lover; a successful vaccination of the baby crown prince in May still further increased his influence.

Struensee was very involved with the upbringing of the Crown Prince Frederick VI along the principles of Enlightnment, such as outlined by Jean-Jacques Rousseau challenge to return to nature.

He is named royal adviser (forelæser) and konferensråd on May 5, 1770.

The royal court and government spend the summer of 1770 in Schleswig-Holstein (Gottorp, Traventhal and Ascheberg).

On September 15 the King dismissed Bernstorff, and two days later Struensee becomes maître des requètes, consolidating his power and starting the 16 month period generally referred to as the "Time of Struensee". On December 8 the king dismisses his entire state council and chanacellory.

When in the course of the year the king sank into a condition of mental torpor, Struensee's authority became paramount.

In control of the government
For a time Struensee kept himself discreetly in the background, though from henceforth he pulled the strings of the whole political machine. However, he soon grew impatient of his puppets. In December the council of state was abolished and Struensee appointed himself maître de requêtes (privy counsellor).

It was now his official duty to present to the king all the reports from the various departments of state; and, Christian VII being scarcely responsible for his actions, Struensee dictated whatever answers he pleased. His next proceeding was to dismiss all department heads, and to abolish the Norwegian stad-holderships. Henceforth the cabinet, with himself as its motive power, was to be the one supreme authority in the state. Unfortunately, he had made up his mind to regenerate the benighted Danish and Norwegian nations on purely abstract principles, without the slightest regard for native customs and predilections, which in his eyes were prejudices. He was hampered, moreover, by not knowing a word of Danish.

Many of his reforms, such as the establishment of foundling hospitals, the abolition of capital punishment for theft and of the employment of torture in judicial process, the doing away with such demoralizing abuses as perquisites, and of "lackeyism," or the appointment of great men's domestics to lucrative public posts, were distinctly beneficial if not original. Unfortunately reform was not as much a principle as a mania with Struensee, The mere fact that a venerable institution still existed was a sufficient reason, in his eyes, for doing away with it. Changes which a prudent minister might have effected in a generation he rushed through in less than a fortnight. Between March 20, 1771 and January 16, 1772? the ten months during which he held absolute sway, he issued no fewer than 1069 cabinet orders, or more than three a day. In order to be sure of obedience he dismissed wholesale without pension or compensation the staffs of all the public departments, substituting for old and experienced officials nominees of his own, in many cases untried men who knew little or nothing of the country they were supposed to govern.

The dictator's manners were even worse than his morals, He habitually adopted a tone of insulting superiority, all the more irritating as coming from an ill-informed foreigner; and sometimes he seemed deliberately to go out of his way to, shock the most sacred feelings of the respectable people. Nor was this all. His system of retrenchment, on which he particularly prided himself, was in the last degree immoral and hypocritical, for while reducing the number of the public officials, or clipping down their salaries to starvation points, he squandered thousands upon balls, masquerades, and other amusements of the court, and induced the imbecile king to present him and his friend Brandt with 60,000 rix-dollars apiece.

In Christian's name he introduced a large number of reforms, thereby creating much opposition to his rule, not the least because he disregarded the national language, using only German. When he abolished all censorship, the result was a flood of pamphlets against himself.

Still in spite of all his blunders and brutalities, it is clear that, for a short time at least, middle-class opinion was, on the whole, favourable to him; and had he been wise, he might perhaps have been able to defy any hostile combination. But such was his contempt for the Danish people that he cared not a jot whether they approved or disapproved of his reforms. What incensed the people most against him was the way in which he put the king completely on one side; and this feeling was all the stronger as, outside a very narrow court circle, nobody seems to have believed that Christian VII was really mad, but only that his Will had been weakened by habitual ill usage; and this opinion was confirmed by the publication of the cabinet order of July 14, 1771, appointing Struensee "gehejme kabinetsminister", with authority to issue cabinet orders which were to have the force of royal ordinances, even if unprovided with the royal sign-manual.

Nor were Struensee's relations with the queen less offensive to a nation which had a traditional veneration for the royal House of Oldenburg, while Caroline Matilda's shameless conduct in public brought the Crown into contempt. The society which daily gathered round the king and queen excited the derision of the foreign ambassadors. The unhappy king was little more than the butt of his environment, and once, when he threatened his keeper, Brandt, with a flogging for some impertinence, Brandt, encouraged by Struensee and the queen, actually locked him in his room and beat him with his fists till he begged for mercy.

Struensee's downfall
Things were at their worst during the winter of 1771. Struensee, who had, in the meantime, created himself a count, now gave full rein to his licentiousness and brutality. If, as we are assured, he publicly snubbed the queen, we may readily imagine how he treated common folk. Before long the people had an opportunity of expressing their disgust openly.

The king, queen, Struensee and Enevold Brandt, along with the royal court spend the summer of 1771 at Hirschholm Palace north of Copenhagen, and stay there until late in the autumn. On July 7 the Queen gives birth to daughter Louise Augusta; and a proclamation commanded that a Te Deum in honour of the event should be sung in all the churches. But so universal was the belief that the child was Struensee's that, at the end of the ordinary services, the congregation rose and departed en masse.

The court moved to Fredericksberg Castle just west of Copenhagen on November 19.

The general ill will against Struensee, which had been smouldering all through the autumn of 1771, found expression at last in a secret conspiracy against him, headed by Rantzau-Ascheburg and others, in the name of the Queen Dowager Juliana Maria, who in this way wrested power away from the king, and secured her and her son?s position of power for many years to come.

The court returned to Christiansborg Castle on January 8, 1772. The season's first masquerade ball was held at the Royal Theatre on January 16.

Early in the morning of January 17, 1772 Struensee, Brandt and Queen Caroline Matilda were arrested in their respective bedrooms, and the liberation of the king, who was driven round Copenhagen by his deliverers in a gold carriage, was received with universal rejoicing. The chief charge against Struensee was that he had usurped the royal authority in contravention of the Royal Law (Kongelov). He defended himself with considerable ability and, at first, confident that the prosecution would not dare to lay hands on the queen, he denied that their liaison had ever been criminal. But on hearing that she was also a prisoner of state at Kronborg Castle, his courage evaporated, and he was base enough to betray her, though she did all in her power to shield him.

On April 28 Struensee and Brandt were condemned first to lose their right hands and then to be beheaded; their bodies were afterwards to be drawn and quartered. Sentence of death was the least that Struensee had to expect. He had undoubtedly been guilty of lèse majesté and gross usurpation of the royal authority, both capital offences according to paragraphs 2 and 26 of the Kongelov. He awaited his execution at Kastellet. The sentences were carried out on the April, 28 1772 with Brandt suffering first.

History's judgement of Struensee
Many of his reforms were reasonable, but badly timed and poorly executed; many of them came to eventually be realised many years later, most notably after the coup d?etat of 1784. Many backfired on him, and were opposed by the aristocracy who had much to lose from these "Enlightenment" era reforms, especially the fear of a weakened or toppled political and economic elite. He was demonised by a chorus of disgust, gossip and lies all the way to his execution, and these reverberated unchallenged for many years to come. The conservative reaction to his reforms, helped, however, build a positive climate for their eventual realisation.

His affair with the queen was intolerable to the public at large, although sexual infidelity was not unusual in royal circles, and the king himself was notorious for his sexual exploits. Judgement of the queen?s affair was much harsher than that accorded the king, and Victorian era morality in the next century was not kinder to either Struensee or Caroline Matilda.

The King himself considered Struensee a great man, even after his death. Written on a drawing the king made in 1775, three years after Struensee's execution, was the following: "jeg havde gerne reddet dem begge to" ("I would have liked to have saved them both"), referring to Struensee and Brandt.

Spouse: Princess Caroline Mathilde of Wales. Children were: Louise Augusta Struensee.

Johann III of Werdenberg was born Unknown in Unknown. He died Unknown in Unknown.

Spouse: Elisabeth. Johann III of Werdenberg and Elisabeth were married before Aug 2, 1429 in Unknown.

John was born Unknown in Unknown. He died Unknown in Unknown. Parents: Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV and Elizabeth of Pomerania.

John was born Unknown in Unknown. He died Unknown in Unknown. Parents: Duke William of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Dorothea of Denmark.